Which international effort aimed to map and sequence the entire human genome?

• A. Genome Mapping Initiative
• B. DNA Sequencing Alliance
• C. Human Genome Project
• D. Genomic Research Initiative

Answer: (C)

The goal is to carry out a comprehensive, international effort to chart the entire set of human DNA and determine the sequence of its base pairs. This was achieved by the Human Genome Project, a global collaboration that began in 1990 and ran through 2003. It brought together scientists from multiple countries to produce a reference human genome sequence, identify thousands of genes, and establish data-sharing standards that propelled genetic research and medical advances. The other option names don’t correspond to a real, coordinated project with the scope of mapping and sequencing the whole human genome, so they don’t fit as the historic international effort described.